Diseases of the Kidneys, their Effects and Remedies

DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS



1. Diuresis: This is a condition in which the cells of the kidney tubules are not reabsorbing water from the glomerular filtrate, and as a result, a large amount of water is  passed out in urine. Diuresis can also occur from a patient, suffering from diabetes insipidus - a condition in which the production of ADH (Anti-Diuretic Hormone) becomes reduced. Less water is reabsorbed and the patient produces a lot of urine - about 5-20 litres a day.

Read More

Functions of The Kidneys and Conditions Affecting Them

The structure of the kidneys has already been discussed here.

FUNCTIONS OF THE KIDNEYS


[photo credit: Michal]

Read More

Dental Formula, Adaptation of Mammalian Teeth for Feeding and Dental Care

DENTAL FORMULA

[Photo credit: Dozenist]

Dental formula can be defined as the number and types of teeth an animal has in one half of each jaw. Different mammals have different dental formulae depending on their diet. In the following formulae:

Read More

Feeding, Digestion and Dentition in Mammals

The solid food most animals eat is usually large, and must first be broken down into small molecules in the alimentary canal before it can be absorbed in the blood stream. This is usually done mechanically and chemically in mammals. 

Read More

Feeding Mechanism and Modifications in Some Animals

There are five modifications and mechanisms of feeding associated with some organisms. These feeding mechanisms include:

1. Biting and chewing mechanism e.g. grasshopper or cockroach: The grasshopper or cockroach has mouth parts adapted for biting and chewing. 

[Photo credit: Fir0002. License: GFDL. Released under GFDL v1.2]

Read More

Digestive System of Rabbit and Other Herbivores

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF RABBIT


[Photo credit: Larry D. Moore. License: CC-BY-SA 3.0]

The teeth of herbivores are adapted for cropping grass and grinding plant matter to break down the cellulose cell walls. The incisors of a rabbit are long and chisel-shaped. They bite against each other to chop off pieces of grass.

Read More